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ruby> "abc"
"abc"
ruby> 'abc'
"abc"
单引号和双引号在某些情况下有区别
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单引号括起来
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ruby> pr
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a
c
nil
ruby> pr
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a\nb\nc
nil
ruby> "\n"
"\n"
ruby> '\n'
"\\n"
ruby> "\001"
"\001"
ruby> '\001'
"\\001"
ruby> "abcd #{5*3} efg"
"abcd 15 efg"
ruby> var = " abc "
" abc "
ruby> "1234#{var}5678"
"1234 abc 5678"
Ruby
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ruby> "foo" + "bar"
"foobar"
ruby> "foo" * 2
"foofoo"
相比的下,在C里,
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char *s = malloc(strlen(s1)+strlen(s2)+1);
strcpy(s, s1);
strcat(s, s2);
/* ... */
free(s);
但对于Ruby,我们不需要考虑
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下面是
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串联:
ruby> word = "fo" + "o"
"foo"
重复:
ruby> word = word * 2
"foofoo"
抽取
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ruby> word[0]
102 # 102 is ASCII code of `f'
ruby> word[-1]
111 # 111 is ASCII code of `o'
(负
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提取子串:
ruby> herb = "parsley"
"parsley"
ruby> herb[0,1]
"p"
ruby> herb[-2,2]
"ey"
ruby> herb[0..3]
"pars"
ruby> herb[-5..-2]
"rsle"
检查相等:
ruby> "foo"
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true
ruby> "foo"
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false
注意:在Ruby 1.0里,以上结果以大写字母出现.
好,让我们来试试这些特性.下面是
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# save this as guess.rb
words = ['foobar', 'baz', 'quux']
secret = words[rand(3)]
pr
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while guess = STDIN.gets
guess.chop!
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pr
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pr
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end
pr
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end
pr
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现在,别太担心代码细节了.下面是谜题
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% ruby guess.rb
guess? foobar
Sorry, you lose.
guess? quux
Sorry, you lose.
guess? ^D
The word was baz.
(考虑到1/3
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