数据验证是DataGrid应用中的重要一环。正确的数据能保证应用程序的有效。根据微软提供的资料显示，DataGrid是唯一具有自动验证数据能力的数据控件（根据业务对象的属性类型自动做出判断）。然而，这一自动验证所提供的功能仅仅是基本的。在实际应用中，我们往往需要特定格式的数据验证。本文将为大家介绍如何在DataGrid中实施数据验证。

 

具体步骤

1）建立业务对象

2）为对象中各成员属性通过metadata标签进行数据的验证

3）如果需要进行自定义数据验证，则需另行创建自定义验证类。

 

几个用于数据验证的metadata的说明

1）[Required]：表示所验证数据必须非空。

2）[RegularExpression]：用正则表达式验证数据。

3）[Range]：对于被验证数据的最值范围进行设定。

4）[CustomValidation]：用于自定义验证数据的设置。

 

实例

详细的说明在代码中给出。

注意：用VS调试时，要在菜单Debug->Exception...，去掉Common Language Runtime Exception前面的勾，不然会报错。

 

1）业务类Employees.cs文件：

using System;

using System.Net;

using System.Windows;

using System.Windows.Controls;

using System.Windows.Documents;

using System.Windows.Ink;

using System.Windows.Input;

using System.Windows.Media;

using System.Windows.Media.Animation;

using System.Windows.Shapes;

using System.ComponentModel;

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

 

namespace SilverlightClient

{

    public class Employees: INotifyPropertyChanged

    {

        private int _EmployeeID;

        private string _EmployeeName;

        private int _EmployeeAge;

        private string _EmployeeTelephone;

 

        [Required(ErrorMessage="该字段为必填！")]

        [CustomValidation(typeof(EmployeeValidation), "IsValidID")]//这里用到了自定义验证，自定义验证类为EmployeeValidation.cs

        public int EmployeeID

        {

            get

            {

                return _EmployeeID;

            }

            set

            {

                if (value != _EmployeeID)

                {

                    _EmployeeID = value;

                    OnPropertyChanged("EmployeeID");

                }

            }

        }

 

        [Required(ErrorMessage = "该字段为必填！")]

        public string EmployeeName

        {

            get

            {

                return _EmployeeName;

            }

            set

            {

                if (value != _EmployeeName)

                {

                    _EmployeeName = value;

                    OnPropertyChanged("EmployeeName");

                }

            }

        }

 

        [Required(ErrorMessage = "该字段为必填！")]

        [Range(18,60,ErrorMessage = "输入的年龄范围有误(18-60)！\n请重新填写。")]

        public int EmployeeAge

        {

            get

            {

                return _EmployeeAge;

            }

            set

            {

                if (value != _EmployeeAge)

                {

                    _EmployeeAge = value;

                    OnPropertyChanged("EmployeeAge");

                }

            }

        }

 

        [Required(ErrorMessage = "该字段为必填！")]

        [RegularExpression(@"^\(\d\d\d\) \d\d\d\d\d\d\d\d$",ErrorMessage = "输入的电话格式不正确！\n请按(###) ########格式匹配输入。")]

        public string EmployeeTelephone

        {

            get

            {

                return _EmployeeTelephone;

            }

            set

            {

                if (value != _EmployeeTelephone)

                {

                    //用VS调试时，要在菜单Debug->Exception...，去掉Common Language Runtime Exception前面的勾，不然会报错。

                    Validator.ValidateProperty(value, new ValidationContext(this,null,null) { MemberName = "EmployeeTelephone" });//跳出提示框显示出错原因

                    _EmployeeTelephone = value;

                    OnPropertyChanged("EmployeeTelephone");

                }

            }

        }

 

        #region INotifyPropertyChanged Members

 

        public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;

 

        protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged(string propName)

        {

            if (PropertyChanged != null)

            {

                PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propName));

            }

        }

 

        #endregion

    }

}

 

2）自定义验证类EmployeeValidation.cs文件：

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

 

namespace SilverlightClient

{

    public class EmployeeValidation

    {

        public static ValidationResult IsValidID(int employeeid)

        {

            bool isValid;

 

            if (employeeid > 0)

                isValid = true;

            else

                isValid = false;

 

            if (isValid)

            {

                return ValidationResult.Success;

            }

            else

            {

                return new ValidationResult("输入的工号无效！");

            }

        }

 

    }

}

 

3）MainPage.xaml文件

<UserControl

    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"

    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"

    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"

    mc:Ignorable="d" xmlns:data="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Controls;assembly=System.Windows.Controls.Data" x:Class="SilverlightClient.MainPage"

    d:DesignWidth="320" d:DesignHeight="240">

    <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="White" Width="320" Height="240">

        <data:DataGrid x:Name="dgEmployee" Margin="8" AutoGenerateColumns="False" FontSize="14">

            <data:DataGrid.Columns>

                <data:DataGridTextColumn Header="工号" Binding="{Binding EmployeeID}"/>

                <data:DataGridTextColumn Header="姓名" Binding="{Binding EmployeeName}"/>

                <data:DataGridTextColumn Header="年龄" Binding="{Binding EmployeeAge}"/>

                <data:DataGridTextColumn Header="电话" Binding="{Binding EmployeeTelephone}"/>

            </data:DataGrid.Columns>

        </data:DataGrid>

    </Grid>

</UserControl>

 

4）MainPage.xaml.cs文件

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Net;

using System.Windows;

using System.Windows.Controls;

using System.Windows.Documents;

using System.Windows.Input;

using System.Windows.Media;

using System.Windows.Media.Animation;

using System.Windows.Shapes;

using System.Windows.Data;

 

namespace SilverlightClient

{

    public partial class MainPage : UserControl

    {

        public List<Employees> GetEmployees()

        {

            List<Employees> returnedValue = new List<Employees>();

            returnedValue.Add(new Employees() { EmployeeID = 1, EmployeeName = "张三", EmployeeAge = 23, EmployeeTelephone = "(001) 56891243" });

            returnedValue.Add(new Employees() { EmployeeID = 2, EmployeeName = "李四", EmployeeAge = 24, EmployeeTelephone = "(002) 67453210" });

            returnedValue.Add(new Employees() { EmployeeID = 3, EmployeeName = "王五", EmployeeAge = 25, EmployeeTelephone = "(010) 46782312" });

            returnedValue.Add(new Employees() { EmployeeID = 4, EmployeeName = "赵六", EmployeeAge = 26, EmployeeTelephone = "(011) 78564254" });

            returnedValue.Add(new Employees() { EmployeeID = 5, EmployeeName = "钱七", EmployeeAge = 27, EmployeeTelephone = "(020) 87465676" });

            returnedValue.Add(new Employees() { EmployeeID = 6, EmployeeName = "孙八", EmployeeAge = 28, EmployeeTelephone = "(030) 97321687" });

            return returnedValue;

        }

 

        public MainPage()

        {

            InitializeComponent();

            this.Loaded += new RoutedEventHandler(MainPage_Loaded);

        }

 

        void MainPage_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

        {

            dgEmployee.ItemsSource = GetEmployees();

        }

    }

}

 

最终效果图